Description
Legal Aspects of Architecture, Engineering and the Construction Process Edition 9
by Justin Sweet EBOOK PDF Instant Download
Table of Contents
Contents
Preface
Conversion Table
About the Authors
Part A: Legal Framework of the Design and Construction Process
Ch 1: Sources of Law: Varied and Dynamic
Section 1.00 Chapter Overview
Section 1.01 Relevance
Section 1.02 The Federal System
Section 1.03 Constitutions
Section 1.04 Legislation
Section 1.05 The Executive Branch
Section 1.06 Administrative Agencies
Section 1.07 Courts: The Common Law
Section 1.08 Contracting Parties
Section 1.09 Publishers of Standardized Documents
Section 1.10 Restatements of the Law
Section 1.11 Summary
Ch 2: The American Judicial System: A Forum for Dispute Resolution
Section 2.00 Chapter Overview
Section 2.01 State Court Systems: Trial and Appellate Courts
Section 2.02 The Federal Court System
Section 2.03 Statute of Limitation: Time to Bring the Lawsuit
Section 2.04 Hiring an Attorney: Role and Compensation
Section 2.05 Jurisdiction of Courts
Section 2.06 Parties to the Litigation
Section 2.07 Prejudgment Remedies
Section 2.08 Pleadings
Section 2.09 Pretrial Activities: Discovery
Section 2.10 The Jury
Section 2.11 Trials: The Adversary System
Section 2.12 Judgments
Section 2.13 Enforcement of Judgments
Section 2.14 Appeals: The Use of Precedent
Section 2.15 International Contracts
Ch 3: Forms of Business Association: Organizing to Accomplish Objectives
Section 3.00 Chapter Overview
Section 3.01 Relevance
Section 3.02 Sole Proprietorships
Section 3.03 Partnerships
Section 3.04 Profit Corporations
Section 3.05 Nonprofit Corporations
Section 3.06 Professional Corporations, Limited Liability Companies (LLC), and Limited Liability Par
Section 3.07 Joint Ventures
Section 3.08 Unincorporated Associations
Section 3.09 Loose Associations: Share-Office Arrangement
Section 3.10 Professional Associations
Ch 4: Agency and Employment
Section 4.00 Chapter Overview
Section 4.01 Relevance
Section 4.02 Introduction to the Agency Relationship
Section 4.03 Policies behind Agency Concept
Section 4.04 Creation of Agency Relationship
Section 4.05 Actual Authority
Section 4.06 Apparent Authority
Section 4.07 Termination of Agency
Section 4.08 Disputes between Principal and Third Party
Section 4.09 Disputes between Agent and Third Party
Section 4.10 Nontraditional Project Delivery Systems
Section 4.11 The Employment Relationship
Section 4.12 Independent Contractors
Ch 5: Contracts: From Formation to Breach
Section 5.00 Chapter Overview
Section 5.01 Relevance
Section 5.02 The Function of Enforcing Contracts: Freedom of Contract
Section 5.03 Contract Formation
Section 5.04 Defects in Contract Formation Affecting Mutual Assent
Section 5.05 Defects in Contract Formation: Writing Requirement
Section 5.06 Contract Classifications
Section 5.07 Other Forms of Agreement
Section 5.08 What is the Contract? Two Legal Rules
Section 5.09 Contract Breach: Protected Interests
Section 5.10 Remedies for Contract Breach
Section 5.11 Limits on Recovery
Section 5.12 Formation Defects and Restitution
Ch 6: Torts: Legal Relations Not Arising from Contract
Section 6.00 Chapter Overview
Section 6.01 Relevance to the Construction Process
Section 6.02 Tort Law: Introduction
Section 6.03 Negligence: The Societal Concept of Reasonable Conduct
Section 6.04 Intentional Torts
Section 6.05 Premises Liability: Duty of the Possessor of Land
Section 6.06 Employment of Independent Contractor
Section 6.07 Products Liability
Section 6.08 Remedies
Section 6.09 Limits on Tort Liability for Pecuniary Losses: The Economic Loss Rule
Ch 7: Restrictions on Ownership: Land Use Controls and Environmental Law
Section 7.00 Chapter Overview
Section 7.01 Relevance to the Construction Process
Section 7.02 Limits by Private Action: Restrictive Covenants
Section 7.03 Private Restrictions versus Public Regulation: A Comparison
Section 7.04 Protection of Neighboring Landowners
Section 7.05 Zoning: The Mechanism for Land Use Control
Section 7.06 The Environmental Movement and Owner Liability
Part B: The Main Actors: The Prime Contractor and Design Professional
Ch 8: Introduction to the Construction Process: Focus on the Owner, Prime Contractor and Regulatory
Section 8.00 Chapter Overview
Section 8.01 The Basic Contracts: Private Ordering of the Parties’ Relationships
Section 8.02 The Owner
Section 8.03 The Design Professional
Section 8.04 The Prime Contractor
Section 8.05 The Lender
Section 8.06 Insurers
Section 8.07 Sureties
Section 8.08 Regulation of the Design and Construction Process
Section 8.09 Safety Legislation
Section 8.10 International Transactions
Ch 9: Licensing of the Design Professional and Contractor
Section 9.00 Chapter Overview
Section 9.01 Introduction
Section 9.02 Public Regulation: A Controversial Policy
Section 9.03 Administration of Licensing Laws
Section 9.04 The Licensing Process
Section 9.05 Design Professional Licensing
Section 9.06 Contractor Licensing Laws
Section 9.07 The Unlicensed Contractor
Section 9.08 The Trained but Unregistered Design Professional: Moonlighting
Ch 10: The Design Professional-Client Relationship
Section 10.00 Overview
Section 10.01 Traditional Roles of Design Professional: AIA B101-2007
Section 10.02 Professional Service Contracts: Some Remarks
Section 10.03 Compensation of the Design Professional: Methods of Compensation
Section 10.04 Compensation of the Design Professional: Timing of Payment
Section 10.05 Payment Despite Nonperformance
Section 10.06 Client Obligations to the Design Professional Not Involving Compensation
Section 10.07 Professional Services: Prior to Receipt of Bids
Section 10.08 Cost Predictions
Section 10.09 Site Services: Observing the Contractor’s Work
Section 10.10 Review of Contractor Submittals
Section 10.11 Hazardous Materials
Section 10.12 Who Actually Performs Services: Use of and Responsibility for Consultants
Section 10.13 Ownership of Drawings and Specifications
Section 10.14 Time
Section 10.15 Suspension or Cessation of Services: Special Problems of the Client-Design Professiona
Section 10.16 Judicial Remedy for Breach of the Design Agreement
Ch 11: Design Professional Liability
Section 11.00 Overview
Section 11.01 Claims against Design Professionals: On the Increase
Section 11.02 Claims against Design Professionals: Some Illustrations
Section 11.03 Design Professional Liability: The Negligence Standard
Section 11.04 Proving the Professional Standard: Expert Testimony
Section 11.05 Contract Standard as Measure of Conduct
Section 11.06 Implied Warranty: An Outcome Standard
Section 11.07 Client Claims against Design Professionals
Section 11.08 Third-Party Claims against Design Professionals
Section 11.09 Current Controversies: Some Observations
Ch 12: Defenses to Claims of Design Professional Liability
Section 12.00 Overview
Section 12.01 Legal Defenses to Claims of Design Professional Liability
Section 12.02 Contractual Risk Control
Ch 13: Intellectual Property: Ideas, Copyrights, Patents, and Trade Secrets
Section 13.00 Overview
Section 13.01 Intellectual Property: Introduction and Relevance to the Design Professional
Section 13.02 The Copyright Law of 1976
Section 13.03 Special Copyright Problems of Design Professionals
Section 13.06 Trade Secrets
Part C: Project Delivery Methods
Ch 14: Project Organization, Pricing, and Delivery Methods
Section 14.00 Overview
Section 14.01 Project Planning: Focus on the Owner
Section 14.02 Pricing Variations
Section 14.03 Traditional Organization: Design–Bid–Build (DBB)
Section 14.04 Modern Variations in Project Delivery: Introductory Remarks
Section 14.05 Phased Construction (Fast-Tracking)
Section 14.06 Separate Contracts (Multiple Primes): Broadway Maintenance Corp. v. Rutgers, State Uni
Section 14.07 Construction Management (CM)
Section 14.08 Turnkey Contracts
Section 14.09 Design-Build: Combining Design and Construction
Section 14.10 Partnering
Section 14.11 Teaming Agreements
Section 14.12 Lean Project Delivery
Section 14.13 Project Alliance
Section 14.14 Program Management (PM)
Section 14.15 Public-Private Collaboration: Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) and Build-Operate-Tran
Section 14.16 Building Information Modeling (BIM)
Section 14.17 Summary
Section 14.18 Administrative Problems
Ch 15: Public Contracts
Section 15.00 Overview
Section 15.01 Public Contracts: Social and Economic Objectives
Section 15.02 What is a “”Public Work””?
Section 15.03 Design Contracts: The Brooks Act
Section 15.04 Competitive Bidding: Objectives and the Pitfall of Corruption
Section 15.05 The Competitive Bidding Process
Section 15.06 Bid Protests
Section 15.07 Mistaken Bids: Sulzer Bingham Pumps, Inc. v. Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc.
Section 15.08 Bid Deposit: Remedy for the Public Entity?
Section 15.09 Procurement Reform
Section 15.10 Public Entity’s Duty to Disclose
Section 15.11 Illegal Contracts
Section 15.12 Sovereign Immunity: Federal and State
Section 15.13 Claims against Public Entities: Federal False Claims Act
Part D: Performance Disputes: From Design to Termination
Ch 16: Performance Disputes Overview: Claims and Defenses to Liability for the Owner and Prime Contr
Section 16.00 Overview
Section 16.01 Claims: Theories of Legal Liability
Section 16.02 Principles Underlying Claims
Section 16.03 Contractor Claims
Section 16.04 Owner Claims: Design, Execution, and Blurred Roles
Section 16.05 Warranty (Guarantee) Clauses
Section 16.06 Contractor’s Implied Warranty of Workmanship
Section 16.07 Homeowner Claims: Implied Warranties in the Sale of Homes
Section 16.08 Homeowner Claims: Consumer Protection Legislation
Section 16.09 Homeowner Claims: Residential Construction Defects Legislation
Section 16.10 Financial Problems
Section 16.11 Asbestos and Other Hazardous Materials
Section 16.12 Contractor Defenses to Claims
Section 16.13 A Suggestion: Defect Response Agreements
Ch 17: Construction Contracts and Rules of Contract Interpretation
Section 17.00 Overview
Section 17.01 The Contract Documents
Section 17.02 Judicially Determined Terms
Section 17.03 Contract Interpretation: Basic Objectives
Section 17.04 Language Interpretation: Two Fundamental Approaches
Section 17.05 Bidding Process-Patent Ambiguity: Newsom v. United States
Section 17.06 Resolving Conflicts and Inconsistencies
Section 17.07 Reformation of Contracts
Ch 18: Changes: Complex Construction Centerpiece
Section 18.00 Overview
Section 18.01 Definitions and Functions of a Changes Clause: Watson Lumber Co. v. Guennewig
Section 18.02 Shifts in Bargaining Power
Section 18.03 Types of Changes
Section 18.04 Change Order Mechanisms
Section 18.05 Effect of Changes on Performance Bonds
Ch 19: Payment: Money Flow as Lifeline, and the Complexity of Project Completion
Section 19.00 Overview
Section 19.01 The Doctrine of Conditions
Section 19.02 Progress Payments
Section 19.03 Legal Interests in Progress Payments
Section 19.04 Retainage
Section 19.05 Late Payment or Nonpayment during Performance
Section 19.06 The Completion Process and Payment
Section 19.07 Uncompleted Work and the Substantial Performance Doctrine
Section 19.08 Work Not Substantially Complete: Recovery in Quantum Meruit
Ch 20: Subsurface Problems: Predictable Uncertainty
Section 20.00 Overview
Section 20.01 Discovery of Unforeseen Conditions
Section 20.02 Common Law Rule
Section 20.03 Information Furnished by Owner
Section 20.04 Risk Allocation Plans
Section 20.05 Disclaimers-Putting Risk on Contractor
Section 20.06 Contractual Protection to Contractor
Section 20.07 Some Advice to Courts
Ch 21: Time: A Different but Important Dimension
Section 21.00 Overview
Section 21.01 Introduction
Section 21.02 Commencement
Section 21.03 Completion
Section 21.04 Allocation of Delay Risks
Section 21.05 Measuring the Impact of Delay: Project Schedules
Section 21.06 Causation: Concurrent Causes
Section 21.07 Time Extensions
Section 21.08 Contractor-Caused Delay: Owner Remedies
Section 21.09 Owner-Caused Delay
Section 21.10 Owner Acceleration of Contractor Performance
Section 21.11 Bonus/Penalty Clauses: An Owner Carrot
Ch 22: Owner-Contractor Disputes: Damages and Settlement
Section 22.00 Overview
Section 22.01 Introduction
Section 22.02 Measurement: Contractor versus Owner
Section 22.03 Measurement: Owner versus Contractor
Section 22.04 Certainty
Section 22.05 Records and Notices
Section 22.06 Consequential Damages: Lost Profits
Section 22.07 Avoidable Consequences: The Concept of Mitigation
Section 22.08 Collateral Source Rule: Off-Setting Benefits
Section 22.09 Single Recovery Rule: Claims against Multiple Defendants
Section 22.10 Noneconomic Losses: Erlich v. Menezes
Section 22.11 Punitive Damages
Section 22.12 Disputes and Settlements: Rich & Whillock v. Ashton Development, Inc.
Ch 23: The Subcontracting Process: An “”Achilles Heel””
Section 23.00 Overview
Section 23.01 An Overview of the Process
Section 23.02 The Subcontract and Sources of Rights and Duties: Flow-through Clauses
Section 23.03 The Subcontractor Bidding Process
Section 23.04 Subcontractor Selection and Approval: The Private Owner’s Perspective
Section 23.05 Payment Claims against Prime Contractor: “”Pay When Paid”” Clause
Section 23.06 Payment Claims against Property, Funds, or Entities Other than Prime Contractor
Section 23.07 Performance-Related Claims against Prime Contractor
Section 23.08 Owner Claims against Subcontractors
Section 23.09 Pass-through Claims against Owner: Liquidating Agreements
Section 23.10 Public Contracts
Ch 24: Terminating a Construction Contract: Sometimes Necessary but Always Costly
Section 24.00 Overview
Section 24.01 Termination: A Drastic Step
Section 24.02 Termination by Agreement of the Parties
Section 24.03 Contractual Power to Terminate
Section 24.04 Termination by Law
Section 24.05 Restitution When a Contract is Terminated
Section 24.06 Keeping Subcontractors after Termination
Part E: Risk Management and Dispute Resolution
Ch 25: Shifting Losses and Risk Management: Contribution, Indemnity, and Insurance
Section 25.00 Overview
Section 25.01 First Instance and Ultimate Responsibility Compared
Section 25.02 Terminology
Section 25.03 Contribution among Wrongdoers
Section 25.04 Noncontractual Indemnity
Section 25.05 Contractual Indemnity
Section 25.06 Insurance: Risk Spreading
Section 25.07 Property Insurance: Partial or Total Destruction of Project and Subrogation Waivers
Section 25.08 CGL Insurance and Defective Construction Claims
Section 25.09 Professional Liability Insurance
Ch 26: Surety Bonds: Backstopping Contractors
Section 26.00 Overview
Section 26.01 Mechanics and Terminology
Section 26.02 Function of Surety: Insurer Compared
Section 26.03 Surety Bonds in Construction Industry
Section 26.04 Performance Bonds
Section 26.06. Asserting Claims: Time Requirements
Section 26.07 Reimbursement of Surety
Section 26.08 Regulation: Bad-Faith Claims
Section 26.09 Bankruptcy of Contractor
Section 26.10 International Contracts
Ch 27: Claims, Arbitration, and Other Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods
Section 27.00 Overview
Section 27.01 Claims Process: Initial Administrative Review
Section 27.02 AIA Claims Process
Section 27.03 Statutory Framework of Arbitration
Section 27.04 Abuse of Arbitration
Section 27.05 State Regulation and Federal Preemption
Section 27.06 Nonstatutory Obstacles to Arbitration
Section 27.07 Arbitrability
Section 27.08 Waiver of Arbitration
Section 27.09 Prehearing Activities: Discovery
Section 27.10 Selecting Arbitrators and Arbitrator Immunity
Section 27.11 Place of Arbitration
Section 27.12 Multiple-Party Arbitrations: Joinder and Consolidation
Section 27.13 The Hearing
Section 27.14 Substantive Standards
Section 27.15 Remedies
Section 27.16 Award
Section 27.17 Enforcement and Limited Judicial Review
Section 27.18 Insurers and Sureties
Section 27.19 Arbitration and Litigation Compared
Section 27.20 Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR): A Survey
Section 27.21 Adjuncts of Judicial Systems
Section 27.22 Public Contracts
Section 27.23 International Arbitration: FIDIC
Appendices
Appendix A: Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Architect with Standard Form of Architect’s
Appendix B: Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Contractor
Appendix C: General Conditions of the Contract for Construction
Appendix D: Performance and Payment Bonds
Appendix E: Standard Form of Agreement between Contractor and Subcontractor
Appendix F: Construction Industry Arbitration Rules and Mediation Procedures (Including Procedures f
Appendix G: Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Engineer for Professional Services
Appendix H: Suggested Form of Agreement between Owner and Contractor for Construction Contract (Stip
Appendix I: Standard General Conditions of the Construction Contract
Case Index
Subject Index
Table of Abbreviations
