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Constitutional Law Governmental Powers and Individual Freedoms Edition 3 by Daniel E. Hall EBOOK PDF Instant Download
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
About the Authors
Chapter 1 CONSTITUTIONALISM AND RULE OF LAW
1.1 Constitutions and Rule of Law
1.2 Articles of Confederation
1.3 Philadelphia Convention
1.3(a) The Delegates and Their Mandate
1.3(b) The Debates
1.3(c) Individual Rights and Slavery
1.3(d) Women and the Franchise
1.4 Ratification
1.5 Amendments
1.5(a) Original Copies of the Constitution and Bill of Rights
1.6 Values, Politics, and Constitutional Law
1.7 Judicial Review
1.7(a) Historical Basis
1.7(b) Congressional Action
? Marbury v. Madison
1.7(c) Executive Action
? United States v. Nixon
1.7(d) State Action
? Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee
1.7(e) Shield or Sword?
1.7(f) A Diffused Model
1.7(g) An International Model
1.8 Judicial Eras
1.8(a) Early Court: The Least Dangerous Branch
1.8(b) Marshall Court: Expanding Federal Authority
1.8(c) Taney Court: States’ Rights
1.8(d) Reconstruction Era: Federal Authority Expands
1.8(e) Pre–New Deal Era: Protecting Commercial Interests
1.8(f) New Deal Era: Expanding Federal Authority
1.8(g) Warren Court: Expanding Individual Rights
1.8(h) Burger Court: A Moderate Approach
1.8(i) Rehnquist Court: Protecting States’ Rights
1.8(j) Roberts Court: An Unfolding Story
1.9 The Court Today
1.10 Modern Challenges
1.11?Summary
Review?Questions
Assignments:?Constitutional?Law?in Action
Notes
Chapter 2 DIVIDING GOVERNMENTAL POWER
2.1 Federalism
2.1(a) Dual, Hierarchical, and Cooperative Federalism
2.1(b) State and National Powers Compared
2.2 Separation of Powers
2.3 Checks and Balances
2.4 Forms of State and Federal Law
2.5 Modern Challenges
2.6?Summary
Review?Questions
Assignments:?Constitutional?Law in?Action
Notes
Chapter 3 THE JUDICIARY: ITS ROLE AND JURISDICTION
3.1 The Federal Court System
3.2 Federal Judges
3.3 Formal and Informal Controls on the Federal Judiciary
3.3(a) Formal Constraints
3.3(b) Informal Constraints
3.4 The Role of the Federal Judiciary
3.5 Federal Judicial Jurisdiction
3.5(a) Case-or-Controversy Requirement
? Nashville, Cincinnati, and St. Louis Railway v. Wallace
3.5(b) Federal Question and Diversity Jurisdiction
Federal Question Jurisdiction
? Grable & Sons v. Darue Engineering
Diversity oF citizenship Jurisdiction
3.5(c) Pendent Jurisdiction, Removal, and Other Practice Issues
Pendent Jurisdiction
Removal
3.5(d) Supreme Court Jurisdiction
Original Jurisdiction
Appellate Jurisdiction
? Ex Parte McCardle
? United States v. Klein
3.5(e) Lower Courts’ Jurisdictions
Article III courts
Article I and article II courts
Administrative tribunals
3.6 Limitations on Federal Judicial Power
3.6(a) Ripeness and Mootness
Ripeness
Mootness
Exceptions to mootness
3.6(b) Standing
InJury in Fact
? Sierra Club v. Morton
Causation
Administrative law standing
Citizen and taxpayer standing
? Hein v. Freedom from Religion Foundation, Inc.
Association standing
Government standing and parens patriae
Congressperson standing
Third-party standing
? Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow
? Hollingsworth v. Perry
Credible Threat of Prosecution
? Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
3.6(c) Political Questions
Foreign aFFairs, national security, and military
? Tenet v. Doe
Exceptions
? Nixon v. United States
3.6(d) Abstention
Unsettled state law
Traditional state law issues
Younger doctrine
3.6(e) Sovereign Immunity and the Eleventh Amendment
? Coleman v. Court of Appeals of Maryland
3.6(f) Other Limitations
3.7 State Court Jurisdiction
3.8 Constitutional Interpretation
3.8(a) Originalism
3.8(b) Modernism
3.8(c) Historical and Contemporary Literalism
3.8(d) Democratic Reinforcement
3.8(e) The Interpretation Process
3.8(f) Stare Decisis, Canons, and Practices Affecting Interpretation
3.8(g) Political Values and Judicial Decisions
3.9 Modern Challenges
3.10?Summary
Review?Questions
Assignments:?Constitutional?Law in?Action
Notes
Chapter 4 CONGRESS
4.1 Legislatures generally
4.2 The Structure and Organization of Congress
4.3 Membership in Congress
4.3(a) Qualifications and Election
4.3(b) Leadership and Rules
4.3(c) Discipline and Punishment
Expulsion
Censorship and other discipline
4.3(d) Immunity
? Gravel v. United States
? U.S.A v. Rayburn House Office Building, Room 2113, Washington, D.C. 20515
4.3(e) Vacancies
4.4 Congressional Authority generally
4.5 Commerce Power
? Gibbons v. Ogden
4.5(a) Early Commerce Clause Cases
4.5(b) The New Deal and the Commerce Clause
4.5(c) The Commerce Clause Today
Affectation and cumulative affects
? Wickard v. Filburn
The outer limit
? United States v. Lopez
? United States v. Morrison
? Gonzales v. Raich
4.6 Taxing, Spending, and Borrowing Powers
4.7 International, War, and Military Powers
4.8 Emergency Powers
4.9 Investigatory Powers
4.10 Confirmation and Impeachment Powers
4.10(a) Appointment and Confirmation
4.10(b) Impeachment
4.11 Initiation of Constitutional Amendments
4.12 Power Over Federal Courts
4.13 Federal Property, Territories, and Native Americans
4.14 Enforcement of Civil Rights
? Katzenbach v. Morgan
? United States v. Morrison
4.15 Other Powers
? Association of Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics 569 U.S. (2013)
4.16 Necessary and Proper Powers
? United States v. Comstock
4.17 Modern Challenges
4.18 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments: Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Chapter 5 THE PRESIDENCY
5.1 Models of Presidential Authority
5.2 Selection, Tenure, and Succession
? Bush v. Gore
5.3 Shared Powers
5.4 Domestic Powers
5.4(a) Legislation
5.4(b) Signing Statements
5.4(c) Executive Orders, Proclamations, Memoranda
? Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer
5.4(d) Impoundment, Nondefense, and Nonenforcement of Laws
5.4(e) Appointment and Removal of Officials
? National Labor Relations Board v. Canning
? Myers v. United States
? Humphrey’s Executor v. United States
? Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Corporation Accounting Oversight Board
5.4(f) Reprieves and Pardons
5.4(g) Chief Administrative Officer
5.4(h) Emergency Powers
? Korematsu v. United States
? Ex Parte Endo
5.5 Foreign Affairs Powers
5.6 Treaties and Executive Agreements
5.6(a) Treaty Power
5.6(b) Executory and Self-Executing Treaties
5.6(c) Executive Agreements
? Dames & Moore v. Regan
5.7 War Powers
5.7(a) War Against Terrorism
? Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
5.8 Presidential Privilege
5.9 Presidential Immunity
? Jones v. Clinton
5.10 Modern Challenges
5.11 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments: Constitutional Law in Act ion
Notes
Chapter 6 ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL SCHEME
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Agencies and Separation of Powers Principles
6.3 Appointment and Control of Federal Officers
6.4 Delegation
6.5 Nondelegation Doctrine
6.5(a) Quasi-Legislative Powers
6.5(b) Quasi-Adjudicative Powers
6.5(c) Criminal Law Powers
? Touby v. United States
6.5(d) Administrative Procedure Act
6.6 Legislative Veto
? Immigration & Naturalization Service v. Chadha
6.7 Modern Challenges
6.8 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments: Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Chapter 7 CONTEMPORARY FEDERALISM: THE STATE AND FEDERAL RELATIONSHIP
7.1 State Authorities
7.2 Congressional Action: Preemption and Validation
? Preston v. Ferrer
7.3 Congressional Inaction: The Dormant Commerce Clause
? American Trucking Associations, INC. v. Michigan Public Service Commission
7.3(a) Discriminatory State Laws
7.3(b) Burdensome State Laws
7.3(c) Liquor Laws
7.3(d) State Taxation as Discriminatory and Burdensome
7.3(e) State as Market Participant
7.3(f) Privileges and Immunities
? McBurney v. Young
7.4 Intergovernmental Immunity
? Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
7.5 Compacts, Interstate Comity, Full Faith and Credit
7.6 Guarantee and Militia Clauses
7.7 State Constitutionalism and the New Federalism
7.7(a) Approaches to Dual Constitutionalism
? United States v. Leon
? Commonwealth v. Edmunds
7.8 Modern Challenges
7.9 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments : Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Chapter 8 THE BILL OF RIGHTS
8.1 Why Do We Have a Bill of Rights?
8.2 Who Is Protected by the Bill of Rights?
? United States v. Verdugo-Urquidez
8.3 Who Is Limited by the Bill of Rights?
? Hurtado v. California
? Palko v. State of Connecticut
? McDonald et al. v. City of Chicago, Illinois, et al.
8.4 What Rights Are Protected?
? Griswold v. Connecticut
8.5 What Does the Bill of Rights Require of the government?
8.6 Modern Challenges
8.7 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments : Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Chapter 9 FIRST AMENDMENT FREEDOMS OF EXPRESSION, ASSOCIATION, AND PRESS
9.1 The Values Served by the Freedom of Expression
9.2 The Scope and Substance of the First Amendment
9.3 Basic Approaches to Freedom of Speech
9.3(a) Conduct Versus Expression
? Texas v. Johnson
9.3(b) Balancing Tests for Regulating Speech
? Schenck v. United States
? Brandenburg v. Ohio
9.4 Freedom of Speech: Other Factors to Consider
9.4(a) Content Versus Conduct
9.4(b) Vagueness and Overbreadth
9.4(c) Ban Versus Regulation
? Republican Party of Minnesota v. White
9.4(d) Public Versus Nonpublic Forum
9.4(e) Content and Viewpoint Neutrality
9.4(f) Types of Speech
Sexual Expression
? Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition
Fighting words
? Elonis v. United States
Offensive speech and hate speech
DeFamation
Commercial speech
? United States v. Alvarez
9.4(g) Assessing Governmental Limitations on Speech
9.5 Speech and Political Campaigns
? Citizens United, Appellant v. Federal Election Commission
9.6 Freedom of Association
? Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
9.7 Freedom of the Press
9.8 Modern Challenges
9.9?Summary
Review Questions
Assignments : Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Chapter 10 RELIGION AND THE CONSTITUTION
10.1 The Founding of the Religion Clauses
10.2 The Textual Meaning of the Religion Clauses
10.3 Competing Interpretations of the Establishment Clause
10.4 Tests Used to Interpret and Apply the Establishment Clause
? Lemon v. Kurtzman
? Newdow v. United States Congress
? Rev’d Sub Nom. Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow
? Perry v. Van Orden
? McCreary County, Kentucky, v. ACLU
? Town of Greece v. Galloway
10.5 The Free Exercise Clause
? Sherbert v. Verner
? Employment Division v. Smith
10.6 Continuing the Debate Over the Free Exercise of Religion
? Hobby Lobby v. Burwell
10.7 Modern Challenges
10.8 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments : Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Chapter 11 SUBSTANTIVE DUE PROCESS: PRIVACY, PERSONAL AUTONOMY, AND OTHER LIBERTIES
11.1 Substantive Due Process
11.2 The Right to Privacy
11.2(a) Defining Privacy
11.2(b) Balancing Privacy Against Competing Interests
11.2(c) Constitutional Sources of Privacy
11.3 Reproductive Liberties
? Roe v. Wade
? Planned Parenthood v. Casey
11.4 Personal Autonomy and Human Sexuality
? Lawrence v. Texas
11.5 The Liberty of Marriage: The Same-Sex Marriage Cases
11.5(a) State Bans on Same-Sex Marriage
? Obergefell v. Hodges
11.5(b) The Federal Defense of Marriage Act
? United States v. Windsor
11.6 The Right to Die
? Washington v. Glucksberg
? Gonzales v. Oregon
11.7 Modern Challenges
11.8 Economic Liberties
11.8(a) Due Process and the Liberty of Contract
? Lochner v. New York
11.8(b) The Contract Clause
11.8(c) The Takings Clause
? Kelo v. City of New London
11.9 Modern Challenges
11.10 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments : Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Chapter 12 EQUAL PROTECTION
12.1 Equality as a Constitutional Value
? Dred Scott v. Sandford
12.2 Setting the Stage for Equal Protection
12.2(a) State and Federal Sources for Equal Protection
? Bolling v. Sharpe
12.2(b) The Need for “State” Action
12.2(c) Nongovernmental Discrimination
12.3 The Equal Protection Clause
12.3(a) How Suspicious Is the Discrimination?
12.3(b) What Constitutional Standard Applies?
12.3(c) Putting It All Together: State Action, Civil Rights Laws, and Equal Protection
12.4 Race-Based Classifications
12.4(a) The Separate but Equal Doctrine
? Plessy v. Ferguson
12.4(b) Ignoring Plessy:?Brown?v.?Board?of?Education
? Brown v. Board of Education I
12.4(c) Implementing Brown’s Mandate: School Desegregation Cases
? Brown v. Board of Education II
12.4(d) Race as a Suspect Form of Discrimination
? Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School Dist. No. 1 and Meredith v. Jefferson Co
12.4(e) Affirmative Action
? Grutter v. Bollinger
? Gratz v. Bollinger et al.
? Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin
12.5 Modern Challenges
12.6 Sex-Based Classifications
? Frontiero v. Richardson
? United States v. Virginia
12.7 Sexual Orientation and Identity
? Romer v. Evans
? In The Supreme Court of Iowa No. 07–1499
12.8 Modern Challenges
12.9 Other Characteristic-Driven Classifications
12.9(a) Alienage
12.9(b) Parents’ Marital Status at Birth (“Illegitimacy”)
12.9(c) Age
12.9(d) Wealth
? San Antonio School District v. Rodriguez
12.10 Classifications that Interfere with Fundamental Rights
? Shapiro v. Thompson
12.11 Voting Rights
12.11(a) Legislative Redistricting
12.11(b) National Standards Versus States’ Rights
? Shelby County, Alabama v. Holder
12.11(c) State Restrictions on Individual Voting
12.12 Modern Challenges
12.13 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments : Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Chapter 13 CIVIL LIBERTIES IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
13.1 Constitutional Values in the Criminal Context
13.2 Unreasonable Searches and Seizures
13.2(a) The Arrest, Seizure, and Detention of Persons
Seizure oF persons
Arrests
13.2(a)(2)(A)?The?Need?for?Probable?Cause?545
13.2(a)(2)(B)?Use?of?Deadly?or?Excessive?Force?546
13.2(a)(3)(A)?Need?for?Reasonable?Suspicion?548
13.2(a)(3)(B)?Detention?Must?Be?Relatively?Brief?549
13.2(a)(3)(C)?Police?Patdowns?or?Frisks?549
13.2(a)(3)(D)?Stop?and?Identify?Laws?550
13.2(a)(3)(E)?Motor?Vehicle?Stops?550
? Brendlin v. California
13.2(a)(3)(F)?Traffic?Checkpoints?552
13.2(a)(3)(G)?Other?Motor?Vehicle?Stops
13.2(b) Evidentiary Searches and Seizures
Governmental conduct
Reasonable Expectation of Privacy
Government Occupation OF a Person’s Property
? United States v. Jones, 565 U.S. ___ 2012
The process For evaluating evidentiary searches and seizures
13.2(c) Warrant-Based Searches and Seizures
Validity of a Search Warrant
Execution of Warrant
Good faith exception
13.2(d) Warrantless Evidentiary Searches and Seizures
ExceptionS to the Warrant requirement
13.2(d)(1)(A) Search Incident to a Lawful Arrest
? Riley v. California, 573 U.S. ___ (2014)
13.2(d)(1)(B) Consent Searches
13.2(d)(1)(C) Plain View Searches
13.2(d)(1)(D) Terry Searches (Stop and Frisk)
13.2(d)(1)(E) Exigent Circumstances
13.2(d)(1)(F) Vehicle Searches
13.2(d)(1)(G) Administrative and Border Searches
13.2(d)(1)(H) School Searches
? Safford Unified School District #1 v. Redding
13.3 Modern Challenges
13.4 The Right Against Self-Incrimination
13.4(a) Custodial Interrogation Requirement
13.4(b) Miranda Warnings
13.4(c) Basic Framework for Self-Incrimination Issues
13.5 The Exclusionary Rule
13.6 The Right to Counsel
? Padilla v. Kentucky
13.7 The Right Against Double Jeopardy
13.8 The Right to a Fair Trail
Public trial
Speedy trial
Jury trial
Juries and Sentencing factors
? United States v. Booker and United States v. Fanfan
Right to confront Witnesses
Due Process and the disclosure of Evidence
Equal Protection and Prosecutorial Prejudice
13.9 Cruel and Unusual Punishment
? Kennedy v. Louisiana
13.10 Modern Challenges
13.11 Summary
Review Questions
Assignments : Constitutional Law in Action
Notes
Appendix A Constitution of the United States of America
Glossary
Index
